Answers to Section II

Student Resources

9th - 12th Grade

What month is considered American Diabetes month?
November
What does IPMA stand for?
Illinois Podiatric Medical Association
What is diabetes mellitus?
The disease is marked by the inability to manufacture or properly use insulin, and impairs the body's ability to convert sugars, starches and other foods into energy.
How many new cases of diabetes are diagnosed each day?
Every day, 2,200 new cases of diabetes are diagnosed, and an estimated 780,000 new cases are identified each year.
What are the long-term effects of elevated blood sugar (hyperglycemia)?
The long-term effects of elevated blood sugar (hyperglycemia) are damage to the eyes, heart, feet, kidneys, nerves and blood vessels.
What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Symptoms of hyperglycemia may include frequent urination, excessive thirst, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, tingling or numbness of the feet or hands, blurred vision, fatigue, slow-to-heal wounds, and susceptibility to certain infections.
Hyperglycemia causes the inability to manufacture or properly produce what?
inability to manufacture or properly use insulin
The World Health Organization expects the number of new diabetics to increase or decrease over the next 25 years?
The World Health Organization (WHO) expects the number of new diabetes cases to double in the next 25 years from 135 million to nearly 300 million.
According to a recent survey, about how many lower limb amputations are performed annually due to complications from diabetes?
According to the recent survey, about 86,000 lower limbs are amputated annually due to complications from diabetes.
Diabetes is the leading cause of?
end-stage kidney disease
Is there a cure for diabetes?
there is no cure for diabetes
Diabetes is the ___ leading cause of death by disease in the United States?
sixth leading cause of death by disease in the United States
If you have diabetes, what things can you do to help adjust?
a proper diet, exercise, medical care, and careful management at home
By just looking at your feet, you would know you were diabetic if you saw what things?
Skin color changes, swelling of the foot or ankle, pain in the legs, open sores on the feet that are slow to heal, ingrown and fungal calluses, bleeding corns and calluses, dry cracks in the skin, especially around the heel.
Who should you contact if you have any of the diabetic symptoms?
Your podiatrist
What is a callus?
Calluses develop from a buildup of dead skin cells that become thick and hard on the foot. Usually found on either the heel, the ball of the foot, or inside the big toe, calluses develop as a result of excessive rubbing and pressure. Calluses that have a deep-seated core known as a nucleation are called Intractable Plantar Keratosis.
What are some of the things that may cause a callus to form?
Obesity, deterioration of the fat pad located on the bottom of the foot, wearing high heeled shoes, wearing shoes that do not fit properly, flat feet, high arched feet
What is a bunion?
A bunion is a bulge on the inside of the foot at the base of the big toe joint.
What are some of the things that may cause a bunion to form?
It forms when the bone at the big toe joint moves out of place, forcing the big toe to move towards the smaller ones
What is a corn?
Corns develop from a buildup of dead skin cells that become thick and hard on the foot
What are some of the things that may cause a corn to form?
Having toes that are deformed, wearing shoes that are too tight, wearing high heeled shoes, wearing socks or stockings that are too tight
What are ingrown toenails?
An ingrown toenail, or onychocryptosis, occurs when the nail grows down into the skin instead of outward
What are some of the things that may cause an ingrown toenail to form?
Cutting toenails incorrectly, toenails are too large, toes curl, either congenitally or from diseases such as arthritis, frequent stubbing of the toes, wearing shoes that are too tight